Negotiations in Mexico between the Venezuelan government and the right-wing opposition
LIGA UNITARIA CHAVISTA SOCIALISTA (LUCHAS) STATEMENT
统一查韦斯主义社会主义者同盟（LUCHAS/斗争）关于委内瑞拉政府与右翼反对派在墨西哥举行的谈判的声明
Sunday 29 August 2021, by LUCHAS
From 3-6 September the second round of negotiations will be held in Mexico between the government of Nicolás Maduro and the majority of the bourgeois opposition of the radical ultra-right, now identified as the Plataforma Unitaria de Venezuela (PUV), led partly by Juan Guaidó and Leopoldo López and partly by Henrique Capriles Radonsky.
The negotiations – behind closed doors – began on 13-16 August with the mediation of Norway and the support of Russia and the Netherlands.
LUCHAS wants to establish a position on this process to contribute to the necessary debate with all workers, peasants, community members, youth, women’s movements and also with all those who claim to be on the left inside and outside our borders. We previously stated that our organization is in favour of negotiations or agreements, however, in this statement we set out on what bases and conditions:
9月3—6日，尼古拉斯·马杜罗 (Nicolás Maduro)政府与激进极右翼资产阶级反对派的多数派在墨西哥举行第二轮谈判，后者现在被确定为委内瑞拉统一纲领党（Plataforma Unitaria de Venezuela (PUV)），该党部分由胡安·瓜伊多（Juan Guaidó）和莱奥波尔多·洛佩兹（Leopoldo López）领导，部分由恩里克·卡普里莱斯·拉东斯基（Henrique Capriles Radonsky ）领导。
在挪威的调解以及俄罗斯和荷兰的支持下，闭门谈判于8月13—16日开始。
统一查韦斯主义社会主义者同盟（LUCHAS/斗争）希望在此过程中确立立场，以促进所有工人、农民、社区成员、青年、妇女运动以及在我们国内外所有声称左翼人士的必要辩论。我们之前表示我们的组织支持谈判或协议，但是，在本声明中，我们列出了在什么基础和条件下我们都会支持谈判或协议：
First, it must be made clear that the Maduro government is not negotiating with organizations with minor political differences, but with declared and proven enemies of national sovereignty and of the interests of workers and the Venezuelan people.
These opposition sectors have been recurrent protagonists of conspiracies, violent actions, armed raids, assassination attempts and attacks, supporting political, diplomatic and economic aggression and even mercenary incursions directed against our nation from the imperialist powers, as well as being accomplices of the brutal blockade against the Venezuelan people and the theft of their resources abroad, and have permanently called for military intervention in the country. All this in order to crush the Bolivarian revolutionary process and finally destroy the conquests obtained by the Venezuelan people since Chávez came to power as president and to once more push back for decades the desires for social justice and national independence.
The desire of the right-wing opposition is the attempt to impose by force and coercion a “parallel government” presided over by them, like that which was self-proclaimed in a public square in 2018, with the intention of inflicting a historic defeat on the Bolivarians, even with the physical annihilation of Chavistas who dare to respond. This government would be a faithful instrument to transform Venezuela into a shameful Yankee colony. Their political objectives were not achieved but the economic damage to the Nation and to the pockets and tables of Venezuelan working families has been enormous; with the imperialist economic sanctions they promoted, with the delivery of state assets (Monomers, Citgo, Venezuelan gold from the Bank of England and so on) and seasoned with shameless corruption.
首先，必须明确，马杜罗政府不是在与政治分歧较小的组织谈判，而是与国家主权以及委内瑞拉工人和人民利益的公敌谈判。
这些反对派一直是阴谋、暴力行动、武装袭击、暗杀阴谋和袭击的主角，他们支持帝国主义列强针对我国的政治、外交和经济侵略，甚至支持雇佣军入侵，他们也是反对委内瑞拉人民，实行野蛮封锁的帮凶。他们窃取自己在国外的资源，一直呼吁对委内瑞拉进行军事干预。这一切都是为了粉碎玻利瓦尔革命的进程，最终摧毁委内瑞拉人民自查韦斯上台以来获得的胜利，并再次将社会正义和民族独立的愿望推迟数十年。
右翼反对派的愿望是企图以武力和胁迫的方式强加一个由他们主持的“平行政府”，就像2018年在一个公共广场上自称的那样，意图造成玻利瓦尔革命的历史性失败，甚至肉体消灭胆敢回应的查韦斯主义者。这个平行政府将成为把委内瑞拉变成可耻的洋基（美国）殖民地的忠实工具。他们的政治目标没有实现，但给国家和委内瑞拉工薪家庭的口袋和餐桌造成了巨大的经济损失；他们推行帝国主义经济制裁，向国外输送国有资产（Monomers、雪铁戈石油公司（Citgo）、英格兰银行的委内瑞拉黄金等），精于无耻的腐败。
This process of dialogue takes place at a key moment, marked by the political defeat of the imperialist plan to crush the Bolivarian Revolution, embodied in the interventionist “parallel government” supposedly headed by Juan Guaidó.
The defeat of this plan did not result from a single act. It is the result of a cascade of defeats that includes: the “Battle of the Bridges” on the Colombian-Venezuelan border in January 2019; the failed coup d’état of April 30 that same year which received a massive popular mobilization of response the next day; the defeat of the mercenary invasion by the organized communities and the Bolivarian militia of the Costas de Aragua; the electoral defeat suffered by the right in the last elections in the National Assembly; the defeat of the mercenary incursion in Apure in May-June 2021, and the defeat of the attempted violent paramilitary uprising that took place in the southwest of Caracas.
当前的谈判过程发生在一个关键时刻，其标志是帝国主义镇压玻利瓦尔革命的计划在政治上失败了，这体现在据称由胡安·瓜伊多领导的干涉主义“平行政府”中。
这个计划的失败并不是由于它过于孤立。这是一连串失败的结果，其中包括：2019年1月在哥伦比亚与委内瑞拉边境发生的“桥梁之战”；同年4月30日的未遂政变，次日引起了大规模的民众动员；有组织的社区和阿拉瓜海岸（Costas de Aragua）的玻利瓦尔民兵击败了雇佣军入侵；右翼在全国代表大会上次选举中遭受失败；2021年5月至6月在阿普雷的雇佣军入侵失败，以及在加拉加斯西南部发生的未遂暴力准军事暴动失败。
The basis of this defeat of the imperialist plan is the stubborn resistance of broad sectors of Venezuelan women, the determined commitment of the Communes and behind these popular sectors as a firm rear-guard, Venezuelan working people who reject and isolate every conspiracy carried out by this bourgeoisie, which has demonstrated for two decades its intention to submit to overexploitation, to oppression, racism, humiliation and the most savage repression every attempt at justice and liberation of the working and popular classes.
It is a triumph of resistance based on the experience of struggle, on independent popular organization. It is a triumph based on the relationship of forces between the classes: although worn out and exhausted, the working class persists and inflicts defeats on its historical and concrete enemy.
We do not fight this battle alone. This triumph over the imperialist plan had the unforeseen and coincident help of the tremendous popular rebellions that recently shook the US and Colombia; the headquarters and operations command of the counterrevolution against Venezuela. Also, with the support of the popular rebellions that occurred and continue to happen in Chile, Peru, Guatemala, Bolivia and other countries of the Continent. This has shattered the “Lima Group”, a kind of interventionist club of counterrevolutionary presidents at the service of Yankee imperialism against the peoples of America and has also undermined the OAS and Almagro himself.
打败帝国主义计划的基础是委内瑞拉广大妇女群体的顽强抵抗、公社的坚定承诺以及作为这些群众部门坚定后卫的委内瑞拉劳动人民，他们拒绝和孤立了资产阶级的每个阴谋，二十年来，资产阶级已经表明其意图是实行超强剥削、压迫，种族主义、屈辱，并用最野蛮的方式镇压工人阶级和大众阶层争取正义和解放的每一次尝试。
这是建立在斗争经验基础上、建立在独立的人民组织基础上的反抗的胜利。这是基于阶级间力量关系的胜利：工人阶级虽然精疲力竭，但仍然坚持并击败了它那历史和具体敌人。
我们不是在孤军奋战。这场对帝国主义计划的胜利得到了最近震撼美国和哥伦比亚的巨大民众反叛的意外和巧合的帮助，而反对委内瑞拉的反革命的总部和行动指挥部正好在那里。此外，我们还得到智利、秘鲁、危地马拉、玻利维亚和欧洲大陆其他国家已经发生并将继续发生的民众反叛的支持。这些抗争粉碎了“利马集团”——这是个由反革命总统组成的干涉主义俱乐部，为反对美洲人民而服务于洋基帝国主义——也削弱了美洲国家组织和阿尔马格罗（Almagro）自己。
We repeat, it has been a difficult and costly triumph because the enemy has devastated our economy from within, with speculation and hyperinflation, and from outside with economic blockade; also enhancing its consequences with growing state corruption and added to this in the last two years the terrible effects of the covid-19 pandemic. All these elements have been combined and produced paralysis of industrial production and in particular the oil industry, hunger, unemployment, crisis in health, education, public services, among others. In addition, millions of Venezuelans, mostly young people, have emigrated and fled the country in search of other horizons and opportunities, taking a whole wealth of knowledge and experience acquired in our country, and today they are scattered around the world, often suffering abuse, xenophobia, discrimination, mistreatment and even being victims of murders.
我们再重复一遍，这是一场艰难而代价高昂的胜利，因为敌人在内部通过投机和恶性通货膨胀，在外部的经济封锁摧毁了我们的经济；国家腐败的加剧还加剧了这种后果，并在过去两年加剧了Covid-19大流行的可怕影响。所有这些因素结合在一起，造成了工业生产瘫痪（尤其是石油工业）、饥饿、失业、健康、教育、公共服务危机等。此外，数以百万计的委内瑞拉人，主要是年轻人，为了寻求其他视野和机会，带着在我国获得的大量知识和经验，移民和逃离委内瑞拉，如今他们分散在世界各地，经常遭受谩骂、仇外心理、歧视、虐待，甚至成为谋杀案的受害者。
The fact that the local bourgeoisie and its organizations are politically defeated has forced it to recognize the government that the people elected, and the implicit acceptance shown so far by imperialism also ratifies this.
Faced with the current negotiations, the Chavista bases show a mixture of expectations and distrust. No one likes secrecy, especially given what is at stake and our own interests. Less pleasing is the discourse and actions that show intent to maintain impunity for bourgeois terrorists; as evidenced by the unconsented liberation of the renowned Freddy “marihuanita” Guevara, and the offer of political freedoms for all conspiratorial bourgeois organizations and characters. The government gives political oxygen to a bourgeoisie that now suffers from the symptoms of Covid 19.
So, we do share those apprehensions of the Chavista popular bases. In addition, it inflames us and for this reason we denounce the fact that the government, while making all kinds of previous concessions to the bourgeoisie and its older guarimberos, continues to unjustly and inhumanely keep workers’ leaders such as Eudis Girot, Sabariego (PDVSA) and others and others in prisons or jail houses, an example being two young PDVSA workers, Aryenis Torrealba and Alfredo Chirinos and ignore the requests for special care for some of these fellow prisoners in situations of illness, such as Rodney Álvarez, a ferro-mining worker who has spent more than 10 years in prison.
地方资产阶级及其组织在政治上被击败的事实迫使他们承认人民选举出来的政府，而帝国主义迄今所表现出的默认也承认了这一点。
面对当前的谈判，查韦斯主义的基础既有期望，又不信任。没有人喜欢秘密谈判，尤其是这谈判利害攸关，关系我们自己的利益。令人不那么愉快的言论和行动表明，他们打算继续让资产阶级恐怖分子逍遥法外；著名的弗莱迪·“马里瓦尼塔”·格瓦拉（Freddy “marihuanita”）未经有关部门同意即被释放，以及为所有阴谋的资产阶级组织和人物提供政治自由就证明了这一点。政府为正患有Covid-19症状的资产阶级提供了政治氧气。
因此，我们确实对查韦斯主义人民基础有同样的担忧。此外，谈判激怒了我们，因此我们谴责这样一个事实，即政府在向资产阶级及其较老的瓜林贝罗斯作出各种让步的同时，继续不公正和不人道地拘捕工人领袖，如尤迪斯·吉罗特、萨巴列戈（委内瑞拉国家石油公司（PDVSA））以及监狱中的其他人，例如两名年轻的委内瑞拉国家石油公司员工阿耶尼斯·托雷尔巴（Aryenis Torrealba）和阿尔弗雷德·奇里诺斯（Alfredo Chirinos），并无视其中一些患病的囚犯同胞的特殊照顾请求，如罗德尼·阿尔瓦雷斯（Rodney Álvarez），他是一名入狱十年以上的矿工。
That is why we warn: The negotiating table cannot agree in secret, what the workers, peasants, women, community members, youth, pensioners and retirees, have defended and conquered with order and popular organization in the midst of the hardships of this crisis.
Can there be negotiations? Yes, and there must be negotiations. Negotiating from our popular victory to move forward. The conspiratorial bourgeoisie must be led to an Agreement of Peace with Justice, which consolidates the defeat that we have dealt to the enemy through all these years. The negotiations must serve to consolidate peace, to dismantle speculation, to liquidate any internal support for the imperialist policy of sanctions so that they weaken and can fall.
Contrary to this, what we are observing for now, is the PSUV government using this triumph as a currency of exchange in its plans to establish an inclusive regime of capitalist exploitation (inclusive for the bureaucracy with the desire of a bourgeoisie) in exchange for impunity and freedom for all the openly counterrevolutionary actors of the bourgeoisie.
The surrender of Maduro and his “loyalists” lies not in the fact of negotiating, but in the elements of economic surrender, subordination to transnational and national capital, extreme labour flexibility and impunity for bourgeois terrorists and political persecution of workers who struggle, this is what is marking these negotiations.
Thus, the current negotiation not only wastes, but clearly threatens to betray that costly popular triumph.
这就是我们警告的原因：谈判桌不应为与对方达成一致，而牺牲工人、农民、妇女、社区成员、青年、养老金领取者和退休人员在这场危机的艰难困苦中通过秩序和民众组织捍卫和获得的东西。
可以谈判吗？是的，而且必须进行谈判。谈判应为了我们的人民胜利更向前进。必须让阴谋的资产阶级同意达成和平与公正的协议，以巩固这些年来我们对敌人的胜利。谈判必须有助于巩固和平，消除投机行为，消除在国内支持帝国主义制裁政策的行为，使制裁得以削弱和崩塌。
但与此相反，我们目前所观察到的是，统一社会主义党政府利用这一胜利作为交换筹码，其计划包括建立一个包容性的资本主义剥削制度（包括具有资产阶级愿望的官僚机构），以换取对资产阶级所有公开的反革命行动者有罪不罚，并给予其活动自由。
马杜罗和他的“拥护者”的投降不在于谈判这个事实，而在于经济上的投降、屈服于跨国资本和国家资本、极端不稳定的劳动、对资产阶级恐怖分子的有罪不罚以及在政治上迫害斗争性工人等，这是他给谈判的献礼。
因此，当前的谈判不仅是浪费，而且显然可能背叛代价高昂的民众胜利。
LUCHAS calls on all workers; organizations, communes, organizations and intellectuals of the left, social movements of women and peasants to pronounce themselves in favour of a negotiation that is based on the defeat that we have inflicted on the fraudulent “parallel government” to advance in the resolution of the needs of the heroic working people in their resistance:
i) To allow a reconstruction of the national economy for the benefit of those of us who have fought and resisted and not in favour of bourgeois and bureaucratic waste in casinos and window displays;
(ii) To achieve a peace that decides on the indexation of wages, the stabilization of a national currency that is not subordinate to the dollar, the defence and expansion of the communal economy and the rescue of collective labour agreements;
ii) To strengthen democratic freedoms for workers, peasants, community members and social fighters, instead of them being tried and imprisoned.
统一查韦斯主义社会主义者同盟（LUCHAS）号召所有工人；组织、公社、左翼组织与知识分子、妇女和农民的社会运动，表明自己只支持这样的谈判，即谈判的基础应该是打败欺诈性的“平行政府”，以推进解决在英勇抵抗的劳动人民的需要：
（1）允许重建国民经济，以利于我们这些曾经战斗和抵抗过的人，而不是支持在赌场和橱窗中浪费的资产阶级和官僚主义者；
（2）达成的和平决定应包括如下内容：实现决定工资指数化增长、稳定不从属于美元的国家货币、保护和扩大社区经济以及拯救集体劳动协议；
（3）加强工人、农民、社区成员和社会战士的民主自由，而不是对他们实行审判和监禁。
We do not deny that, under the current conditions, the bourgeoisie should have room for certain economic activities, especially the small and medium-sized food producers in the countryside. But let this not be done with starvation wages, without labour rights and with loss of national sovereignty. On the contrary, the more space it is necessary to give the bourgeois economy, the more democratic control the communal workers’ and people’s organizations must exercise.
We have defeated a new onslaught of imperialism and the criminal right through worker, peasant, communal and popular resistance. From there we must begin to rebuild our economy. We will see if the government representatives take into account this balance sheet, considerations and proposals.
我们不否认，在当前条件下，资产阶级应该有一定的经济活动空间，特别是农村中小粮食生产者。但是，不要用让人吃不饱的工资、没有劳动权利和丧失国家主权来做到这一点。 相反，给资产阶级经济的空间越大，社区工人和人民组织就必须越行使越民主监督。
我们通过工人、农民、社区和人民的抵抗，战胜了帝国主义和犯罪的右翼的新冲击。在此我们必须开始重建我们的经济。我们会看着政府代表是否考虑这一资产负债表、计算和建议。
National Secretariat of LUCHAS.
Venezuela, 23 August 2021.
2021年8月23日，委内瑞拉
https://internationalviewpoint.org/spip.php?article7283